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Zobrazují se záznamy 401-480 z 10926
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Ekvidekomposabilita
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 14. 9. 2023Title: Equidecomposability Author: Matyáš Valkoun Department: Department of Mathematics Education Supervisor: Mgr. Zdeněk Halas, DiS., Ph.D., Department of Mathematics Education Abstract: This bachelor thesis focuses on ... -
Generování harmonických frekvencí svazku pikosekundového vysokovýkonového laseru
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 14. 9. 2023This work is dedicated to the generation and characterization of beams of harmo- nic frequencies of the Perla C-100 laser. In the theoretical part, coupled wave equations are derived with application to the generation of ... -
Generating synthetic data for an assembly of police lineups
Výsledek obhajoby: UZNÁNO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 30. 10. 2023Eyewitness identification plays an important role during criminal proceedings and may lead to prosecution and conviction of a suspect. One of the methods of eyewitness identification is a police photo lineup when a collection ... -
Advective transport between atmospheric layers
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023The transport in the middle atmosphere is controlled by the global-scale Brewer-Dobson circulation. Advective transport is an important component of the Brewer-Dobson circulation. Using the transformed Eulerian mean framework ... -
Neaditivní mezimolekulární interakce
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Non-additive intermolecular interactions, involving three or more molecules, present a significant challenge in accurately predicting molecular behaviour and properties of materials. These interactions, characterized by ... -
Demonstrační souprava pro výuku elektrických obvodů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 22. 6. 2023The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to develop a demonstration kit for teaching electrical circuits at lower secondary school. The thesis briefly discusses the necessary parameters of the demonstration set depending on the ... -
Bezpečné sdílené počítání modulo p^k
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023The thesis deals with a subfield of cryptography called secure multi-party computation which is a technique that allows multiple parties to work together to compute a single function while preserving the privacy of it's ... -
Konceptuální modelování pomocí schematických kategorií
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis concerns the development of a graphical application for conceptual modeling of database schemas without prior knowledge of the target database paradigm. The purpose of a conceptual model is to allow describing ... -
Truncated marked processes
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis explores the use of marked stochastic processes in the context of delayed reporting of claims in non-life insurance. The focus is on estimating the intensity of the claim occurrence process using the ν-transform ... -
Algorithms for Multi-Agent Pickup-and-Delivery Problems
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this thesis, we explore the world of Multiagent pickup and delivery algorithms. Basic definitions, as well as simple extensions, are introduced to the reader. State-of-the- art algorithms are thoroughly described, ... -
Diskrétní sekvenční hry s náhodnými výplatami
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023In our thesis we consider games with random payoff as a generalizations of the stan- dard concept of games in the game theory. We discuss possible optimality conditions for these types of games. In one of these approaches ... -
Symmetric terms
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023In this thesis, we study symmetric relations and affine symmetric subspaces of Z ([n] k ) p . The thesis is divided into three parts. In the first part, we provide the basic definitions and facts that are needed in the ... -
Properties of integral operators on Orlicz spaces
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023Working with function spaces in various branches of mathematical analysis introduces optimality problems, where the question of choosing a function space both accessible and expressive becomes a nontrivial exercise. A good ... -
Automatic inflection in Czech language
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This thesis focuses on the task of automatic morphological inflection of Czech nouns, specifically in out-of-vocabulary (OOV) conditions (inflecting previously unseen words). We automatically extracted a large dataset suit- ... -
Orbital dynamics around a black hole surrounded by matter
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis studies the dynamics of geodesic motion within a curved spacetime around a Schwarzschild black hole, perturbed by a gravitational field of a far axisymmetric dis- tribution of mass enclosing the system. This ... -
Aplikácia pre správu kolekcií mapových objektov
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The main goal of this thesis is to design, implement and test a web application that is used for searching and managing map objects. The application is inspired by successful projects such as Google Maps, OpenStreetMap and ... -
Minion Cores of Clones
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023This thesis provides a classification of the minion homomorphism preordering and minion cores within a class of multi-sorted Boolean clones. These clones can be described as those clones defined on the set {0, 1}k = {0, ... -
Hluboké učení pro řešení diferenciálních rovnic
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 13. 9. 2023Neural networks are becoming an ever more prominent method in the field of differen- tial equations. Their use is embodied in the concept of physics-informed neural network (PINN), which combines a traditional deep neural ... -
Simulations of the organic-molecular ordering on the solid surfaces using pair potentials
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 13. 9. 2023Organic molecules on a flat, unreactive, periodical surface self-assemble to ordered superstructures. The superstructures can be used to selectively tune the properties of the surface. This problem can be studied using ... -
Log-optimální přístup při sázení, složené jevy
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023In this Thesis we deal with the log-optimal betting approach. The goal is to maximize the gambler's wealth in the long term. In the course of the Thesis, we will work our way from the basic cases to a completely general ... -
Efficient representation of k-mer sets
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this thesis we explore and compare various methods for efficient k-mer set representation. We evaluate traditional de Bruijn graph representation techniques against greedy approximation algorithms for the Shortest ... -
Optimal function spaces in weighted Sobolev embeddings with monomial weight
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023In this thesis we study a weighted Sobolev-type inequality for functions from a certain Sobolev-type space that is built upon a rearrangement-invariant space. Considered rear- rangement-invariant spaces are defined on the ... -
Železnice ve výuce fyziky
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023The bachelor thesis presents railway phenomena and technical applications through grammar school physic. The underlying physical principles are easily visible to the ordinary eye when travelling by train. These phenomena ... -
Nástroj pre konceptuálne modelovanie multi-modelových dát
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023A tool for conceptual modelling of multi-model data Abstract Richard Hvizdoš 8 May 2023 The aim of the bachelor's thesis is to create a tool that supports modeling in the UML and the newly created categorical model (CAT), ... -
2D tahová hra v Unity s prvky procedurálního generování
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The thesis focuses on the development of a 2D turn-based game in Unity, from the creation of a design document to the completion of its implemen- tation. We are analyzing the important elements of the game genres of ... -
Autonomní navigace v jednoduchém terénu
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023An important ability for light terrain outdoor navigation of an UGV (Un- manned Ground Vehicle) is traversability detection. We focus on creating an evaluation layer for move_base package, which is part of ROS (Robot ... -
Optical scanning profilometer
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023 -
Evoluce robotů v simulovaném fyzikálním prostředí
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023This work introduces a system for designing and evaluating experiments with evo- lutionary algorithms in 3D-simulated physical environments of the MuJoCo library. Ex- periments allow to develop the control and morphology ... -
Konstrukce strategií pro multi-agentní hledání cest
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023The thesis deals with the Multi-Agent Path Finding problem. The task is to find for each agent a path from its current location to its destination in such a way that agents will not collide. A novel approach to solving ... -
Orientace vektorového prostoru
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023In this thesis, we focus on creating a visual understanding of orientation of a real vector space and its subsequent connection to the mathematical definiton. As a result, this thesis can be used as supplementary material ... -
Fast hash-based signing protocol for message stream authentication
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Security of the data streaming over Internet becomes a challenge if re- quirements such as post-quantum-capable cryptography and complete de- centralisation must be addressed. This thesis develops a connection-less, ... -
Simulace a měření mikrokanálkového fotonásobiče (MCP-PMT) ošetřeného depozicí ochranné atomové vrstvy (ALD)
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Time detectors will form a fundamental component in the further develop- ment of detection devices, not only in high-energy physics. The MicroChannel Plate PhotoMultiplier (MCP-PMT) is a very fast (and very expensive) ... -
Detection of quantized vortices in the zero temperature limit using silicon/superconducting microwires
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 13. 9. 2023In this Thesis, we have characterized and used Microscopic Electrical Mechanical Oscillators (MEMS) in the study of quantum turbulence. Experiments were conducted in the temperature range of 20-920 mK in vacuum in various ... -
A study of dynamically bounded triple systems
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 13. 9. 2023Hierarchical triple stars consist of two stars orbiting each other on a close orbit and a third, more distant star. This is the only observed dynamically stable configuration of triple systems. The third star needs to be ... -
Graphlets in Complex Networks
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Analyzing the characteristics of complex networks is a principal task of network sci- ence. In this thesis, we study graphets, small induces subgraphs rooted in a vertex, as a tool to describe and compare networks. First, ... -
Security of Trapdoor Permutations under Preimage Leakage
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023This thesis explores preimage leakage-resilient trapdoor permutations (PLR-TDPs) and their applications in proofs of storage replication and incompressible encodings. The thesis consists of three chapters covering the ... -
Mikrostruktura a vlastnosti tenkých vrstev multiferroických komplexních oxidů připravených pomocí metody pulzní laserové depozice
Výsledek obhajoby: UZNÁNO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 28. 6. 2023Title: Microstructure and properties of multiferroic complex oxide thin films prepared by pulsed laser deposition method Author: Petr Machovec Department: Department of Condensed Matter Physics Supervisor: RNDr. Milan ... -
Node-attributed community detection
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Complex systems surround us in our everyday lives and their understanding can bring crucial insights into many fields. These systems consist of components (also known as communities) tied together. This thesis focuses on ... -
Interaktivní program pro podporu studia Lagrangeova a Hamiltonova formalismu teoretické mechaniky
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023 -
Navigace skupiny jednotek v RTS hrách za pomoci toků v sítích nad flow field oblastmi
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023This thesis explores the challenges of implementing effective navigation for groups of units in real-time strategy computer games, specifically focusing on the movement of large numbers of homogeneous units across a ... -
Unsupervised segmentation of Gregorian chant melodies for exploring chant modality
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Gregorian chant, as an oral musical tradition, was performed by singers that had to memorize thousands of melodies. Each melody has a set of properties, one of which is what mode it belongs to within the modal system. To ... -
Feature preserving triangle mesh fairing
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023In this thesis, we address the problem of smooth interpolatory subdivision of triangle meshes. This problem is more challenging than general smooth subdivision as the original vertices of the mesh cannot be moved to produce ... -
Alternativní algoritmus stavby SSA formy pro GCC
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023SSA form is a very important concept in compiler internal code representa- tion. Φ-functions are an integral part of SSA form. Braun, Buchwald, Hack, Leißa, Mallon and Zwinkau introduce a new algorithm for SSA construction ... -
Methods of User-Assisted Summarization of Meetings
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Automated minuting, or meeting summarization, is the task of accurately capturing the contents of a meeting in a short text or in bullet points. Recently, a lot of progress has happened in this area, largely due to the ... -
Heuristics for Length Bounded Cuts
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 9. 2023This thesis deals with the problem of finding a minimum length-bounded cut in a graph. We first provide a brief overview of the problem and its applications. We then discuss the known theoretical results and approximation ... -
Comparative Markov state analysis of APOE protein dynamics by neural networks
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis leverages the CoVAMPnet neural network architecture to analyze the dy- namics of apolipoprotein E (APOE), a protein involved in the development of Alzheimer's disease. CoVAMPnet offers a versatile machine ... -
Multilingual Multimodal Detection of Humour in Stand-Up Comedy
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023This thesis focuses on the multimodal and multilingual detection of humor in stand- up comedy videos. A novel multilingual dataset was collected, primarily targeting the Russian language, to address the lack of specific ... -
K rozkladu křivosti v cirkulárních prostoročasech
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Calculation of scalars obtained from the Riemann curvature tensor in co- ordinate components is not always efficient, this is true even in very simple spacetimes. Firstly, the calculation is not intuitive and secondly, ... -
Fázové transformace v hliníkových slitinách typu AlEr(Sc)
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 13. 9. 2023The effects of Sc addition, different Er concentrations and deformation on phase transitions in Al(-Sc)-Er-Zr alloys were studied. Three distinct processes were identified during isochronal annealing in all of the alloys ... -
Delta metoda a její zobecnění
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023The goals of this thesis are various generalizations of the classical delta theorem, in which the advantage is that we can separately investigate the analytical properties of transformation of the estimate, and independently, ... -
Studium elektronových přeskoků v systému konjugovaných molekul metodami kvantové mechaniky.
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023In this thesis the electron hopping of selected heterocyclic compounds and selected carotenoids was studied using QM/MM simulations of excited states dynamics. Tully electron hopping and semiempirical methods OMx in ... -
Spectrum problem
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023In this thesis we present the notion of a spectrum of a first-order sentence, including several theorems linking it to computational complexity theory and well-known open problems of Scholz and Asser. We show that there ... -
Experimental study of the deformation mechanisms in cobalt by advanced in-situ techniques
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 13. 9. 2023The behaviour of pure polycrystalline cobalt in compressive deformation is influenced by the presence of high temperature fcc phase. To investigate this influence samples are prepared using annealing at different temperatures ... -
Obrazy typických spojitých funkcí
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023It follows from the Baire theorem that comeagre sets in complete metric spaces are "topologically large". Properties that are satisfied by a large set are called typical. The proofs of statements concerning typical properties ... -
Nonlinear classes of mappings: properties and approximation
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 11. 8. 2023In this thesis, we explore classes of mappings suitable for models in Nonlinear Elastic- ity. We investigate whether, given the presence of certain desirable properties, there exists an element within the class that exhibits ... -
Marked particle processes
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This diploma thesis delves into the study of marked particle processes, a relatively unexplored field in stochastic geometry and spatial statistics. The main aim of the thesis is to lay some basic foundations of the marked ... -
Quantum fluid dynamics and quantum turbulence probed using micro- and nano-resonators
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this Thesis, we present an excessive study of the dynamics of quantum fluids em- ploying the detectors in the form of mechanical resonating structures with characteristic dimensions below 1 mm. We operate the devices ... -
Intervaly spolehlivosti pro dvouparametrické exponenciální rozdělení
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Abstract. In this work, we examine both point and interval estimators of two-parameter exponential distribution. We determine whether point estimates are unbiased, consistent, or both, and derive exact distributions from ... -
Nástroj pro průzkum a vizualizaci modelu pro simulátor mozku Mozaik
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Simulations of biological neural networks are an important tool for under- standing how the brain processes information. Mozaik is a workflow frame- work that allows such simulations to be created, run and analyzed. ... -
Výpočet kořenů polynomů pomocí přidružených matic
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023The bachelor thesis describes the relationship between the roots of the polynomial and the eigenvalues of the companion matrix, which is formed from the coefficients of the given polynomial. For numerical computing, it can ... -
Geodetická dynamika v polích černých děr obklopených disky
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023One of the basic tasks of general relativity is to calculate the motion of free test particles by integrating the geodesics equation. In the field of an iso- lated stationary black hole, the problem is fully integrable. ... -
Homoclinic orbits in perturbed black-hole fields
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023In order to generate observable electromagnetic signatures, astrophysical black holes have to interact with matter. Arround the black hole, matter typically forms into a symmetric disc through which it gradually inspirals ... -
Hypertělesa a jejich aplikace v tropické geometrii či teorii matroidů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023Hyperfields are algebraic structures generalizing the concept of an algebraic field. In contrast to classical fields, summation in a hyperfield is multivalued, that is, the sum of two elements is not a single element, but ... -
Neuronové generování textu z pojmů se znalostními grafy
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Modern language models are strong at generating grammatically correct, natural lan- guage. However, they still struggle with commonsense reasoning - a task involving making inferences about common everyday situations without ... -
Statická analýza NumPy programů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023NumPy programs can be hard to debug. Due to the dynamic nature of Python, a bug can manifest itself after a long time of run time. This causes the computation to crash, ditching all the progress. Existing static analysis ... -
Understanding cross-lingual abilities in large multilingual language models
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Cross-lingual abilities have been evident in large multilingual language models over the past few years. However, understanding why and under what circumstances they work is not entirely clear. In this work, we work towards ... -
Kan extensions and adjoint functors
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023This thesis is devoted to Kan extensions. First, we provide needed definitions and prove a theorem which gives us an existence condition for a Kan extensions. The proof of this theorem also contains a guide to constructing ... -
pp-elimination of quantifiers in module theories
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023The aim of this thesis is to prove the Baur-Monk Theorem and thereby show complete module-theories admit an elimination of quantifiers down to (Boolean combinations of) existential formulae. To achieve this, following a ... -
Semifields and skew polynomial rings
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 12. 9. 2023In this thesis we give constructions of semifields, often characterized as not necessarily associative division algebras, from skew polynomial rings which are rings of polynomials over a field where multiplication is not ... -
Korelační analýza a kurzy sázkových kanceláří
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 8. 9. 2023This bachelor's thesis focuses on a statistical method called correlation analysis. The aim of the thesis is to explain various correlation coefficients such as Pearson's correlation coefficient, point biserial correlation, ... -
Klasifikace konečně dimenzionálních modulů nad řetězcovými algebrami
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 4. 9. 2023In this thesis we classify indecomposable finite dimensional modules over string alge- bras. In the introductory part we define string algebras and string modules and band modules. In the third chapter we prove the ... -
Improving Subword Tokenization Methods for Multilingual Models
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023In this thesis, we explore the differences between tokenization methods for multilingual neural language models and investigate their impact on language model representation quality. We propose a set of metrics to evaluate ... -
Geometrie intervalových lineárních soustav
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Interval linear systems of equalities and inequalities are linear systems, where the real numbered entries of the vectors and matrices are replaced with closed intervals of real numbers. The sets of solutions to these ... -
Zranitelnosti webových aplikací
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023Se stále dostupnějším připojením k internetu roste i počet webových aplikací a jejich uživatelů. S tímto nárůstem - jak už to bývá se vším - se zvětšuje i počet lidí, kteří se snaží nedostatky v těchto aplikacích zneužít. ... -
Analysis of cross-over clinical trials in the presence of baseline measurements
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023This thesis aims to provide a comprehensive overview of methods for estimating treat- ment effects in cross-over designs. It examines approaches that use baseline measurements to estimate the treatment effect, as well as ... -
Propagace šumu v algoritmech kostruujících krylovovské regularizační báze pro řešení inverzních problémů
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023In this thesis we consider a linear inverse problem Ax ≈ b with a smoothing operator A and a right-hand side vector b polluted by unknown noise. To find good approximation of x we can use large family of iterative ... -
Studium vlastností nových kontrastních látek pro zobrazování magnetickou rezonancí
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 5. 9. 2023Abstract: Contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging frequently employ organic com- plexes of paramagnetic ions. The present work studies rotation of phoshonate group in LnIII complexes of monoethylester-P of ... -
Kalibrace meteorologických webových kamer
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The work deals with the calibration of meteorological web cameras, which can be then used for training of neural networks for the creation of realistic lighting and the genera- tion of realistic clouds in the sky into 3D ... -
Design and prototypical implementation of a radiometrically calibrated light source to perform dark-light adaptation measurements of the human eye
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 7. 9. 2023The thesis is about obtaining absolute radiometric values of a scene using only a digital camera. A further usage of this data to calibrate a screen to perform experimental dark adaptation measurements of the human eye is ... -
Optimizing Super Mario game tree search
Výsledek obhajoby: OBHÁJENO(Univerzita Karlova, Matematicko-fyzikální fakulta, 2023)Datum obhajoby: 6. 9. 2023Super Mario Bros. is still actively used as a model game for research in level genera- tion. Every year, the most recent techniques are applied and tested. This lately includes various deep learning and reinforcement ...