Bankovní úvěry podnikatelské klientely

Abstract

12. English summary Bank loans to entrepreneurial (corporate) customers There is no commonly accepted definition of loan in the Czech law and theory. The Czech civil law distinguishes between "loan" (as defined in the commercial code) and "borrowings" (as defined in the civil law code). The definition used by the financial law is more comprehensive and more reflecting the economic sense to the form of the provided money. According to the bank code, loan is temporarily granted cash, no matter in what form. Some definitions in the theory are even more comprehensive including also guarantees and similar products. According to my definition, loan is an instrument, under which cash (or its equivalent in other goods) is temporarily granted to a debtor and cash (or its equivalent in other goods) is returned to the creditor. Cash is always at least either provided in the beginning or returned in the end. "Entrepreneur" is defined in the commercial code. However this definition has to be adjusted to the special law or internal rules of the bank. Entrepreneurial (or in English "corporate") customers include usually entrepreneurs as defined by the commercial law, but excluding some special types of clients as banks and other financial institutions, public subjects and some small entrepreneurs with retail character....