Aplikace Trivers-Willardovy hypotézy u lidi
The application of Trivers-Willard hypothesis in humans
bachelor thesis (DEFENDED)
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http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/109806Identifiers
Study Information System: 197387
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- Kvalifikační práce [20130]
Author
Advisor
Referee
Kuba, Radim
Faculty / Institute
Faculty of Science
Discipline
Biology
Department
Department of Philosophy and History of Science
Date of defense
5. 9. 2019
Publisher
Univerzita Karlova, Přírodovědecká fakultaLanguage
Czech
Grade
Very good
Práca sa zaoberá aplikáciami Trivers-Willardovej hypotézy u ľudí. Trivers-Willardova hypotéza je jedna z najcitovanejších hypotéz týkajúcich sa evolúcie pohlavného pomeru. Práca krátko zhrnuje výskum evolúcie pohlavného pomeru pred formuláciou tejto hypotézy. Ďalej definuje podmienky hypotézy, ako ju stanovili jej autori Robert Ludlow Trivers a Dan Edward Willard, zaoberá sa jej interpretáciou a platnosťou jej podmienok v ľudských populáciách. Následne predkladá prípady efektov vplývajúcich na ľudský pohlavný pomer a možnosti aplikácie hypotézy ako vysvetlenia týchto efektov. Zaoberá sa tiež aplikovaním tejto hypotézy v širšom evolučnom kontexte, takzvanej "zovšeobecnenej Trivers- Willardovej hypotézy". Ku konci sumarizuje kritiku platnosti hypotézy v ľudských populáciách. Kľúčové slová: Trivers-Willardova hypotéza, človek, pohlavný pomer, evolúcia, dobrý stav, zovšeobecnená Trivers-Willardova hypotéza, rodičovská investícia
Thesis deals with the application of Trivers-Willard hypothesis on people. Trivers-Willard hypothesis is one of the most cited hypotheses connected with evolution of sex ratio. The thesis briefly summarizes research of the evolution of sex ratio from before the hypothesis was formed. Furthermore, it defines conditions of the hypothesis as defined by their authors Robert Ludlow Trivers and Dan Edward Willard, it deals with its interpretation and the validity of the conditions within human populations. It subsequently introduces cases of effects influencing human sex ratio and possibilities of the application of the hypothesis as an explanation of those effects. It also deals with application of this hypothesis in broader context of the evolution, so-called "generalized Trivers- Willard hypothesis ". Towards the end, it summarizes the criticism of the validity of the hypothesis in human population. Key words: Trivers-Willard hypothesis, human, sex ratio, evolution, good condition, generalized Trivers-Willard hypothesis, parental investment