Blockages to peace in Libya: The role of post-conflict Security Sector Reform

Abstract

This thesis focuses on the evolution of the Libyan security sector after the 2011 uprising. Building on the theoretical frameworks of statebuilding and post-conflict peacebuilding, this research examines the structure of the Libyan security sector under the Gaddafi regime, to assist in contextualising the unique nature of the institutions, and to understand the changes that occurred after the 2011 uprising. This background context assists with evaluating to what extent did the security sector evolve, and how did the lack of successful reform hinder the UN-led peace process. This research places its focus on the timeframe between 2011 to 2019, using a qualitative method of research. It aims at understanding the impact of the security sector on the Libyan peace process in terms of its contribution to insecurity, and the significance and relevance of having a successful implementation of SSR and DDR, due to the ongoing security fragmentation and state failure. This research finds that the security sector reform initiatives committed by international actors were unsuccessful due to several factors, including the evacuation of personnel due to deteriorating security conditions, and the exclusion of key actors from negotiations. Furthermore, initiatives at security sector reform by Libyan actors were...