Jezuitské školské drama v Praze v 1. polovině 18. století

Abstract

Pod pojmem skolske divadlo rozumime takove divadelni akce provozovane studenty nebo zaky, ktere maji sve pevne misto v pnlbehu skolniho roku alnebo je jednim z jejich hlavnich ucelu predvest, jakych do sahli studenti pokroku, predevsim co se tyee vystupovani na verejnosti a ovladani latiny. Skolske divadla predstavuje sice nejmene efektni, ale zaroven nejpoeetnejsi tvar jezuitskeho divadla. Zaroven je jeho nejmene znamou cast!, protoze skolske hry se temer zadne nedochovaly. o to cennejsi je 66 kompletnich textu her z praiskych koleji, diky nimz si muzeme udelat alespon pribliznou predstavu 0 tom, jak vypadaly hry provozovane v 1. pol. 18. stol. na praiskych gymnaziich. Nejjednodussi formu skolskeho divadla predstavovaly tzv. cvieeni (exercitationes) a deklamace (declamationes), poloverejne produkce predvadene pred velmi omezenym okruhem publika, obvykle pred studenty jedne tridy, ktere ani nemusely nutne mit dramatickou formu. Pravidelnou prilezitost k nastudovani skolskych her poskytovala zejmena dye obdobi: masopust a konec skolniho roku. 0 provozovani masopustnich her na praiskych jezuitskych gymnaziich v prvni polovine 18. stoleti marne jen velmi skromne dUkazy. Naprosta vetSina dochovanych her zrejme spada do kategorie her uvedenych na konci skolniho roku. Zatimco puvodne byvalo zvykem nastudovat v...

The term school theatre is used to denote student-performed theatrical events that occupied a firmly established position in the school year calendar and/or one of whose main objectives was to demonstrate the students' progress in public comportment and their mastery of Latin. School theatre represents the least spectacular but the most wide-spread form of the Jesuit theatre. At the same time, it is the least known facet of the Jesuit theatre since only very few plays survived. This makes all the more valuable the corpus of 66 complete texts from Prague's colleges. It is thanks to this body of texts, that we can form at least a partial idea of the theatrical productions staged at Prague gymnasia in the first half of the 18th century. Jesuit school theatre in its simplest form is represented by exercitationes and declamationes: semi-public productions whose audiences were typically limited to the students of one class. There were two annual occasions for the presentation of school plays: the Carnival time and the end of the school year. Since the evidence of Carnival productions at the Jesuit gymnasia in Prague in the first half of the 18th century is scarce, it may be presumed that the majority of the extant texts belong to the category of plays offered at the close of the school year. Initially, a single...