Mikroanatomie a cytogenetika lasturnatek ve vztahu k evoluční biologii jejich reprodukčních způsobů

Abstract

SOUHRNDIZERTAENiPRACE HlavnlmcilempiedklSdan6pr6cebylopiispdtk obecndlepsimupochopenibiologre lasturnatek a vyplnit tak nekte16 hlavni mezery v dosavadnich znalostech. Lasturnatkypatii mezi velmi dobie zdokumentovanouskupiny korfs0. To plati zejm6nao ekologicklicha morfologickfchaspektechjejich biologie,na ktereje ji2 tradidn6kladen velk17dfrraz,protozetyto znalostijsou uplatiov6ny v taxonomii lasturnatek a tak6 v ekologii, kter6 tvoii zilklad pro hojn6 vyu2ivan6 paleoekologick6rekonstrukce.Tato situacem0ze bit ilustrov6naskutednosti,Ze dosudchybdlydetailn6jgiinformaceo hepatoprankreatuu lasturnateka nic nebyro zndmoo jejichtzv. volnlch buik6ch (hemocytech).Rovn62detailnicharakteristika stavbysamidihorozmnozovacihoapar6tu(ktenije velmislozit6utv6ien)a pr0b6hu inseminacea n6sledn6hooplozenivajidekz&st6valdlouhomimo pozornost.Velmi podobndsituaceexistovalav piipaddkaryologiesladkovodnichlasturnatek.Ndkotik st62ejnichpracl na toto t6ma vzniklojiz ve 30. a 40. letech minulehostoteti s ndkolikadal5imivliimkamiz pozddjsidoby.vsechnytytopracese opirajipouzeo deskriptivnikaryologii.Jiz v 60. a 70. Ietechbyla u partenogenetickichsamic zji5t6naneobvykl6variabilitav podtechchromozom0.piesto vsakbylytyto aspekty cytogenetikylasturnatek,kter6jsou zvldst relevantnlve vztahuk typu reprodukce, po dlouhodobuopomijeny Z...

SUMMARYOF THEPh.D.THESIS The main objectivesof this dissertationwere to contributeto generarunderstandingand to fill some major gaps in our knowledgeof ostracodbiology.Ostracodsareotherwisea very well exploredgroup of crusta-cea :f ff:#'1"'';i,:T*"ortneirooosfil;I"TilffJ:,X'H::':;:: reconstructions,tn,..Lll?,1',i#r:T::il ff: "t"" usedinpataeoecorogicar knownabouthepatopancreasandnothins "oor,,Jl1ll,f"filH, ]i:.ffil:Further,there is no properdescriptionof the com ;':il'i:?l,Tll;l':*'*'ornsemnaton*":fflilli::fi:ff H*::: onryavairabledata on ,lxisted concerningthe karyologyof freshwaterostracods.rhe with exceptionssome 'eshwater ostracodkaryologycamefrom the i930s to 1950s *#jli:.:.,:ru$"::lt:_,:ri::1,i:iJ.["::.13[*:Nonetheress,tn"r"n,nn,lTi"""t"t"iffil]ogenetic remaleshadbeen*,*o "*.contextortheirreproduJtivemodesremaine;-;il::*o:nfoTl.."l';n";;u"''",n"For these reasons, ostracod microanatomyand cytogeneticsin rerationto theevotutionarybiologyof theirreproductiu",o0". *"of this thesis.Moreouer,other topicsreratedto ,n",'t" 'nu"tt'n"ted in the framework also taken into account. -r;J;._:::,:: tn"'t reproductionbiorogyhad been manipu,atorsinoucinsparililj:"gnJfl:ffi:nTffi:i1"J:fi#["il:obtainedby microscopicanatysisof the FRO in liduring holotomographic Investigation of cretac tng animals has been utilized...