Computer Modeling of Tissue Development

Abstract

Nazev prace: Poci'tacove modelovani vyvoje tkam' Autor: Vojtech Bednar Katedra: Katedra aplikovane matematiky Vedoucl: Doc. RNDr. Zdenek Hedrlin, CSc. Abstrakt; Tato prace popisuje hybridnf na individualni bunce zalozeny pristup k modelovani soustav biologickych bunek. V prvnl casti je zaveden reakcne-difuzni model prostredl, vaxove ekvilibrium a model bunky postaveny na zygotickem grafu a kumulacnfch stavech. Dale jsou pfedstaveny simulace modelujicf tri biologicky motivovane situace: Vznik dutiny, rust nadoru a bunecnou migraci v chronickem zanetu. Prvnl model ukazuje scenar formovanl dute struktury zalozeny na smerovem delenl a bunecne migraci. Druhy model se zabyva rustem potomst\'a mime poskozene bunky. Vysledny nador vykazuje tri stadia malignl transformace. Dale je pozorovan jak vznik agresivnlho nadoru bez detekovatelneho prekurzom na jedne strane tak postupna transfonnace benignlho utvaru na malignl na druhe, kazdy jako dusledek jine parametrizace modelove situace. Poslednl model se zabyva analyzou role membranove enzymaticke aktivity na migrujlclch buhkach imunitnlho systemu v chronickem zanetu. V tomto modelu je pozorovano, ze absence teto aktivity je zodpovedna za chovani odpovldajlcl chronickemu zanetu, namisto fyziologicky relevantnl imunitnl odpovedi. Klicova slova: hybridnl model, agentne...

Title: Computer Modeling of Tissue Development Author: Vojtech Bednaf Department: Department of Applied Mathematics Supervisor: Doc. RNDr. Zdenek Hedrlm, CSc. Abstract: This thesis describes hybrid individual cell-based approach to modeling of systems of biological cells. In the first part reaction-diffusion model of environment is introduced together with vax equilibrium and model of cell based on zygotic graph and cumulative states. Further, simulations modeling three biologically motivated situations are introduced: Lumen formation, tumour growth, and cellular migration in chronic inflammation. The first model shows a scenario of hollow structure formation based on directional division and cellular migration. The second model is concerned with the growth of a progeny of a slightly damaged cell. The resulting tumour exhibits three stages of malign transformation. Further, emergence of an aggressive tumour without detectable precursor is observed on one hand and a continual transformation of a benign neoplasm into a malign one is seen on the other hand. Each of these cases is a consequence of different parametrization of the model situation. The last model analyses the role of membrane enzymatic activity in migrating cells of the immune system in chronic inflammation. In this model it is observed that...