Mužský ekvivalent syndromu polycystických ovarií

Abstract

Syndrom polycystických ovarií patří mezi jednu z nejčastějších endokrinopatií u žen. Je charakterizován hormonální a metabolickou dysbalancí vznikající na genetickém základě. U tohoto syndromu je popisován v řadě prací vztah k inzulinové rezistenci, a proto se nyní dostal do popředí zájmu. Přesné vymezení tohoto syndromu je však velmi obtížné. Pozornost se tedy obrátila nyní na genetiku tohoto syndromu. Genetický základ syndromu PCOS vedl k myšlence existence mužského ekvivalentu tohoto syndromu

Polycystic ovary syndrome, the most common endocrinopathy in women (with a prevalence of 5-10 %), is characterized by hormonal and metabolic imbalance. Complexity of symptoms of close relatives of women with PCOS as a mendelian trait raised a hypothesis about the existence of a male equivalent of PCOS. Premature alopecia was suggested as one of the signs of a male phenotype of this syndrome. Androgenetic alopecia is the most common cause of balding in men. AGA is the risk factor of cardiovascular diseases, glucose metabolism disorders and also benign prostate hyperplasia and prostate carcinoma. Polycystic ovary syndrome and metabolic syndrome are the risk factors of obesity and diabetes mellitus. The existence of mendelian form of PCOS initiated a hypothesis about the existence of a male equivalent of PCOS. Premature alopecia was suggested as one of the signs of a male phenotype of this syndrome. However, it can be the sign of metabolic syndrome as well. PCOS is characterized by hyperandrogenaemia while metabolic syndrome is characterized by low androgens.