Vliv lokálního topení na kvalitu ovzduší ve vnitřním a venkovním prostředí malého sídla

Abstract

Increased concentrations of particulate matter do not occur in urban areas only, they occur in winter time episodes of high concentrations in small settlements, as well. It is probably caused by usage of solid fuels in domestic heating. The indoor air quality is closely influenced by the outdoor air pollution. Concentrations of size-separated PM were measured by a cascade impactor (PCIS) during two winter and one summer seasons in the years 2009 and 2010 in a village Svrčovec situated near the town Klatovy. Continuous concentrations of PM2.5 were measured in parallel by using a commercial photometer DustTrak. Following meteorological parameters were monitoring - temperature, relative humidity, wind velocity, wind direction, precipitation and sun radiation. The presence of persons and their activities in the house were noted. The average PM10 concentrations in Svrčovec were higher than average PM10 concentration in Klatovy. The summer average PM10 concentrations in Svrčovec were lower than the concentrations in the town (15.5 μg/m3, 17.4 μg/m3) and the winter PM10 concentrations in Svrčovec were significantly higher (31.1 μg/m3, 24.3 μg/m3). The average indoor concentrations (PM10 and PM2.5) were lower in the summer (9.6 μg/m3, 8.3 μg/m3) than in the winter season (24.0 μg/m3, 20.7...