Rozměry lidské pánve v kontextu evolučních kompromisů a asymetrie musculus gluteus maximus

Abstract

This thesis investigates human pelvic dimensions, asymmetry of the gluteus maximus, and the biomechanics of locomotion in the context of evolutionary trade-offs. The morphology of the human pelvis reflects the interaction of multiple selective pressures, particularly those related to bipedal locomotion, childbirth, and thermoregulation. The aim of the study was to determine whether pelvic dimensions are associated with the magnitude of hip and knee adduction moments during walking and running, and whether these relationships differ between males and females. Additionally, the study evaluated asymmetry of the musculus gluteus maximus and the relationship between relative biiliac pelvic breadth and relative lower limb length in the context of thermoregulation. The analysis was conducted on a sample of 20 individuals (one individual was excluded from the biomechanical analysis), for whom pelvic dimensions, gluteus maximus parameters, and biomechanical variables of locomotion were measured. Relationships between variables were assessed using regression models and statistical tests, including the effect of sex. The results showed that several pelvic dimensions (biiliac breadth, biacetabular breadth, anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) breadth, and iliac height) were positively associated with hip...

This thesis investigates human pelvic dimensions, asymmetry of the gluteus maximus, and the biomechanics of locomotion in the context of evolutionary trade-offs. The morphology of the human pelvis reflects the interaction of multiple selective pressures, particularly those related to bipedal locomotion, childbirth, and thermoregulation. The aim of the study was to determine whether pelvic dimensions are associated with the magnitude of hip and knee adduction moments during walking and running, and whether these relationships differ between males and females. Additionally, the study evaluated asymmetry of the musculus gluteus maximus and the relationship between relative biiliac pelvic breadth and relative lower limb length in the context of thermoregulation. The analysis was conducted on a sample of 20 individuals (one individual was excluded from the biomechanical analysis), for whom pelvic dimensions, gluteus maximus parameters, and biomechanical variables of locomotion were measured. Relationships between variables were assessed using regression models and statistical tests, including the effect of sex. The results showed that several pelvic dimensions (biiliac breadth, biacetabular breadth, anterior superior iliac spine (ASIS) breadth, and iliac height) were positively associated with hip...