Studium biofilmu Pseudomonas aeruginosa a zavedení nových metod pro stanovení citlivosti k antibiotikům

Abstract

Thoracic outlet syndrome is a syndrome involving compression at the superior thoracic outlet, wherein excess pressure placed on a neurovascular bundle passing between the anterior scalene and middle scalene muscles. According to the predominant symptoms we can distinguish neurogenic, arterial and venous syndrome. Treatment is either the surgical removal of structures causing compression or conservative measures aimed at decompressing the oppressed structures through functional activation of surrounding area. The thesis presents an overview of available findings on this issue, followed by case report of a patient with venous TOS.

Biofilm is a complex structure produced by bacterial cells which contain highly hydratated filamentous exopolysacharides. Biofilm exists everywhere in our surroundings or nature. It creates for instance a sticky viscous structure covering the surface of stones or other solid objects underwater. The technology of sewage cleaning remediation is essentially dependent on the presence and function of biofilm producing bacteria. Adhered biofilm in medicine has usually negative consequences for patient health, hence, reduction of its role is a goal of researches in the field. Here biofilm first of all adheres and colonizes catheters or artificial joints or other implants and is a source of a chronic infection which limits the healing process or normal function of the implants. In cytic fibrosis patient biofilm production is also responsible for the fact that acute infection caused by P. aeruginosa could change within a few months in chronic infection when mucoid strain could be cultivated from the patient. In my bachelor thesis I have analyzed clinical material and bacterial isolate of P. aeruginosa of a cystic fibrosis patient which dissociated into mucoid and smooth phenotype using light-, electron- and immunofluorescence microscopy. I have applied an original method using resuspended bacterial culture in solid...