K problematice řešení životního prostředí malých území (Na příkladu průmyslových závodů) =Various aspects of envirortmental studies in small areas (Problems connected with industrial enterprises)

Abstract

The paper deals with the problems of environmental studies In small areas, namely with the detrimental influence of industrial enterprises on the living environment In the surrounding sphere. The study is based on the principles of a system approach and is divided into the following six stages: a) formulating the problem of the study, b) applying the system approach, c) analysing negative ecological relations between the object of the study and the individual elements, d) characterizing the individual elements of ecological relations from both qualitative and quantitative aspects and their typology, e) prognosticating the behaviour of the systems In future, f) outlining possible methods of diminishing negative impacts on the environment. The paper pays special attention to three key problems, which form the typology Of negative ecological relations divided into three types: 1. relevant, 2. partly relevant, 3. irrelevant. The confrontation Of the input and output elements Is based on a model of operation of relevant relations (possibly also partly relevant). This approach makes it possible to define to what extent the emissions, waste water and waste materials influence the individual elements of the system and the environment in the whole area under study. The presented model enables to make a prognosis of changes in the living environment till the year 2000 and to formulate an objective suggestion of effectual ecological measures