BIRD SCHISTOSOMES: development of schistosomula with focus on Trichobilharzia spp

Abstract

5 ABSTRACT Schistosomulum is the first stage developing in definitive host body, affecting various body parts and in the case of bird schistosomes present in host tissues for longest period. The aims of the present thesis are to summarize recent knowledge of bird schistosomula migration, development and pathogenic impact on host tissues and complete the details for two model species (Trichobilharzia szidati and T. regenti) with different life strategy. The other aim was to introduce and test the method for in vitro cultivation of schistosomula. Schistosomulum is formed by transformation of cercaria in the host skin at the time of penetration. The process is preceded by cercarial tail detachment and includes emptying of penetration glands and extensive surface changes. All this take place also under defined in vitro conditions. Transformed schistosomula migrate towards the target organ in host body. Depending on the species schistosomula migrate via the circulatory system or nervous tissues and the migration is directed either to intestinal or nasal area (visceral or nasal species, respectively). Specific migratory pattern for lung passage of T. szidati and migratory route of T. regenti through the nervous system, unique among schistosomes and including intra- and extra vascular location, are obligatory for...

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