"Ne-sociologie": pojetí modernosti Bruno Latoura

Abstract

Diplomová práce "»Ne-sociologie«: pojetí modernosti Bruno Latoura" je prací teoretického rázu, jejímž hlavním cílem je deskripce pojetí modernosti francouzského sociologa, filosofa a antropologa Bruno Latoura. Tato deskripce je zasazena do širšího rámce Latourova díla a slouží k formulaci otázek a výzev, které Latourovo pojetí modernosti klade sociální teorii, politice a etice. Jelikož Latourovo pojetí modernosti zpochybňuje představu společnosti jako seskupení lidských aktérů a vyzdvihuje důležitost tzv. ne-lidských aktérů, je zvláštní pozornost věnována Latourovu zájmu o vědy a techniky, kde tito ne-lidští aktéři z velké části vznikají.

This thesis called "»Non-sociology«: Bruno Latour's Conception of Modernity" is a theoretical writing concerned with description of the conception of modernity of the French sociologist, philosopher and anthropologist Bruno Latour. This description is put into broader context of Latour's work and serves as a basis for asking questions and raising challenges to the social theory, politics and ethics. Because Latour's conception of modernity isn't compatible with the idea of society as an aggregate of human actors and stresses the importance of so called nonhuman actors, special attention is devoted to Latour's interest in sciences and technologies, where these non-human actors originate. These non-human actors have significant roles and functions in sstabilization of social relations and dominance. Thus, the concepts Latour and his colleagues use to integrate nonhumans into social theory are introduced, most notably the actor-network theory. Finally, modernity is presented as a self-describing semantics, which relies on two distinct aggregates of Society and Nature without giving proper notice to the continuous and progressively growing mixing of human and nonhuman entities. An alternative, under the concept of collective, is introduced.