http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96220 Issue 2 Fri, 24 Apr 2026 19:34:11 GMT 2026-04-24T19:34:11Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97014 Italian Social Policy for Mother and Child during the World War II (1943–1945) La Banca, Domenica During the Second World War the fascism regime was called on to give concrete proof of the efficacy and efficiency levels of the welfare institutions they had created. This essay analyses one of those institutions: The National Agency for Maternity and Childhood [Opera nazionale per la protezione della maternità e dell’infanzia, ONMI] created in 1925. The aim of this paper is twofold. First, to analyse the birth of Fascist social policy aimed at mothers and children and its links with demographic policies and gender rules in fascist society. Second, to verify how social policies functioned during the occupation period in Italy. An analysis of ONMI activity, considering how it operated to meet the needs of mothers and children allows us to verify to what extent the regime’s propagandised welfare policies were realized and to what extent the Social Italian Republic (RSI) was really “social”. Moreover, the paper will compare the role played by the occupation forces (Anglo-American and Nazi troops) in the new organization during this dramatic, reconstructing ONMI activity in the North (RSI) and in the South (Kingdom of the South) of Italy. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/97014 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96806 Karl Marx versus Max Weber: The Forefathers’ Heritage As a Social History Constant Melichar, Bohumil The study gives an analysis of impact of Karl Marx and Max Weber and their classic theories on the development of the social historiography. Marx and Weber not only stood with their theoretical works behind the foundation of modern social sciences but generated homogenous concepts of historical development. Marxsist concepts of socioeconomic formations and class struggle are usually interpreted in sharp contrast to Weberian theories of rationalization and types of domination (Herrschaft). Certainly one can agree that up to the present day both systems are of extreme explicative potential. The opinion which of these systems adequately describes social reality of historical periods and the dynamics of historical change became during the 20th century the distinctive mark of individual research approaches in social history. Marx’s and Weber’s work unquestionablyinfluenced the classics of modern social history, from British Marxists associated with the journal Past and Present and History Workshop, following the founders of Bielefeld school to the post-modern trends of microhistory, historical anthropology and so-called linguistic turn. The main contribution of this study is therefore the reflection of those impacts that up to the present day ultimately determine the debates on the key term of the social history — the character of the “Social”. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96806 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96805 The Famine in the Major Athens Agglomeration and Dealing with It, 1941−1942 Michalopoulos, Dimitri The 1941–1942 famine in the major Athens agglomeration was a phenomenon unique in occupied Europe. Far beyond the evils brought about by the war and the Greek Army’s capitulation, the foodstuff shortage and sequential galloping Black Market was the result of the big profiteers’ sinister action and the Greek government’s compliance. The Reich tried to cope with the tragedy through the mission of Hermann Neubacher, who reached Greece in October, 1942 with a significant quantity of gold (in sovereigns), in order to rally the Greek economy and wipe out the Black Market. His measures were successful. The 1941–1942 Famine Trauma, nonetheless still exists in the Greek psyche. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96805 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96713 Die Oberste Preisbehörde — ein Preisregulator für Tourismusdienstleistungen (1939–1949) Štemberk, Jan; Jakubec, Ivan Supreme Price Office was founded on the basis of a government decree no. 121/1939 Coll. dated 10 May 1939, less than two months after the establishment of the Protectorate of Bohemia and Moravia. The intentions for its creation were in the line with a controlled economic model and to move away from the classical market regulation. The Supreme Price Office with its policy did markedly interfere in the prices of accommodation and catering which represent the core of tourism services. The start of the price regulation was associated with the beginning of the occupation of the Bohemian Lands in 1939. Keeping various facilities of the inns and hotels in consideration, the price regulation was the prerequisite of their categorization. During researched period, the Supreme Price Office with its policy and interventions in the tourism sector was able to keep the price stability for accommodation and catering services, and therefore their availability to a wider range of the consumers. Sun, 01 Jan 2017 00:00:00 GMT http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96713 2017-01-01T00:00:00Z