http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96285 Issue 2 2026-04-06T19:46:06Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96910 K prezentaci české deklinace jinojazyčným mluvčím; On the Presentation of Czech Declension for Foreigners; ; ; The presentation of the Czech declension system in books for foreign learners is a key and very problematic chapter which later influences the presentation of other grammatical structures and categories. The complexity of Czech formal morphology is caused by language factors (different kinds of declension, many paradigms, a lot of exceptions, variants, etc.) as well as methodical factors (manifestation of agrammaticality, formalistic approach). The difficult situation has not even been solved by attempts to simplify and reduce the system of Czech declension for linguodidactic purposes. Most of the books tend to present the individual cases one by one (horizontal approach) rather than presenting the whole paradigms (vertical approach). Both of the concepts have their pros and cons. The question of optimal order of case presenting and some other problems remain unresolved. In the conclusion we provide basic linguodidactic recommendations for presenting the declension system. 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96822 Impact of Tense on the Interpretation of Bi-Aspectual Verbs in Czech; ; ; This paper is concerned with the interpretation of the so-called bi-aspectual verbs in contemporary Czech. In the first part, a theoretical account of bi-aspectual verbs in the aspectual system of Czech is introduced and three main areas of the research of bi-aspectual verbs are identified: (1) formation of bi-aspectual verbs, (2) mono-aspectualization process, (3) functioning of bi-aspectual verbs. In the second part of the paper, a simple but efficient method for the analysis of the interpretation of (borrowed) bi-aspectual verbs and a pilot experiment on the interpretation of Czech bi-aspectual verbs are presented. It has been found that the tense of the verb is a very strong factor which influences the interpretation of bi-aspectual verbs: there is a significant tendency to interpret present tense form as imperfective and past tense form a perfective. There are other factors which play an important role in the interpretation of the bi-aspectual verbs. Based on the results, we suggest that these are (at least) semantics of the verb (i.e. the difference durative vs. instantaneous) and subject number.; Studie se zabývá interpretací tzv. obouvidových sloves v současné češtině. První část pojednává z teoretického hlediska o postavení těchto sloves v rámci vidového systému češtiny a identifikuje tři hlavní oblasti výzkumu obouvidových sloves: (1) vznik obouvidových sloves, (2) proces vidového vyhraňování, (3) fungování obouvidových sloves. V druhé části článku je představena jednoduchá a efektivní metoda analýzy interpretace (cizích) obouvidových sloves a prezentovány jsou rovněž výsledky pilotního experimentu zaměřeného na interpretaci obouvidových sloves v češtině. Ukazuje se, že velmi silným faktorem, který ovlivňuje interpretaci obouvidových sloves, je gramatický čas slovesa: existuje silná tendence interpretovat obouvidová slovesa v přítomném čase jako nedokonavá a v minulém čase jako dokonavá. Interpretaci obouvidových sloves ovlivňují i další faktory. Předkládané výsledky poukazují na to, že těmito faktory jsou (přinejmenším) sémantika slovesa (tj. rozdíl durativní vs. instanciální sloveso) a číslo subjektu. 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96639 Historie lingvistické afaziologie; The History of Linguistic Aphasiology; ; ; 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11956/96367 Kontrola české gramatiky (český grammar checker); A Grammar Checker for Czech; ; ; The paper presents a detailed description of the linguistic software system Kontrola české gramatiky (Grammar Checker for Czech) that checks grammatical, orthographic and stylistic correctness of a text written in Czech, highlights the errors encountered and offers a user corrections of the errors committed. The Grammar checker for Czech has been integrated in the Microsoft Word software product within the system Microsoft Office™ version 2003 (since 2005) and subsequently 2007, 2010 and 2013. The paper focuses on the history of the project, presents ideas on which the Checker is based, describes how the Checker can be utilized including interactive error corrections, presents a detailed description of the errors detected and an algorithm of the Checker’s processing an input text. It is not only external aspects of the grammar checking system that are depicted, i.e. how the Checker presents itself to the user and how the user should use it, but also the whole conceptual basis of the system: what components it consists of and how they cooperate. The core of the Checker is constituted by formalized grammatical (especially syntactic), orthographic and stylistic rules detecting mainly grammatical and also some orthographic a stylistic errors in Czech texts. The rules use primarily the results of automatic part-of-speech and morphological analysis and morphological disambiguation of Czech texts and also morphological synthesis. An error is conceived of as a violation of the grammar and orthography of contemporary standard written Czech, the grammar being expressed by the rule-based system. The Checker deals with errors of spelling only in special grammatically motivated cases and in those cases where the people usually make mistakes; a full-fledged spell checker had already been integrated in the Microsoft Office package before the emergence of the Checker and a new one was not needed. In the conclusion, the success rate of the Checker is briefly compared to the Grammaticon system, a survey of positive and negative aspects of the Checker is presented and future directions of its potential further development are shown. 2014-01-01T00:00:00Z